Lithium batteries are widely used in electronic devices due to their high energy density and long life span. However, one of the common problems that users may encounter is battery swelling. This issue can be caused by several factors, including high temperatures, overcharging, physical damage, and aging of the battery. In this article, we will discuss the reasons behind lithium battery swelling, whether it is dangerous, if all lithium batteries swell, and what to do if you have a bulging lithium-ion battery.
What causes a lithium battery to swell?
Lithium batteries are widely used in various electronic devices due to their high energy density, low self-discharge rate, and long life span. However, lithium batteries can experience swelling, which is a common problem in electronic devices.
One of the primary causes of lithium battery swelling is the buildup of gas inside the battery due to the decomposition of the electrolyte. The decomposition of the electrolyte can occur due to high temperatures, overcharging, and aging of the battery. The gas buildup causes the internal pressure to increase, which leads to the swelling of the battery.
Another cause of lithium battery swelling is physical damage to the battery, which can occur due to exposure to extreme temperatures, punctures, or impact. Physical damage can cause the internal components of the battery to shift, leading to a short circuit and gas buildup, which results in the swelling of the battery.
Is a swollen battery dangerous?
Yes, a swollen battery can be dangerous, and it should not be ignored. When a lithium battery swells, the internal pressure increases, which can cause the battery to rupture, leak toxic chemicals, or even explode.
In addition, a swollen battery can damage the electronic device and cause further problems. It is essential to take immediate action if you notice that your battery is swelling.
Do all lithium batteries swell?
No, not all lithium batteries swell. However, lithium batteries are prone to swelling, and it can happen to any type of lithium battery, including lithium-ion, lithium-polymer, and lithium iron phosphate batteries.
The likelihood of a lithium battery swelling depends on various factors such as the quality of the battery, usage, and charging habits. It is essential to follow the manufacturer's recommendations and use a high-quality battery to minimize the risk of swelling.
What do I do with a bulging lithium-ion battery?
In conclusion, lithium battery swelling is a common problem that can occur due to the decomposition of the electrolyte or physical damage to the battery. A swollen battery is dangerous and should not be ignored. If you notice that your battery is swelling, take immediate action and dispose of it safely.
Do not try to flatten, puncture, heat, or charge a swollen lithium-ion battery. Stop using and charging the device. Do not force a built-in battery out of its device. Follow the device maker’s instructions for service and disposal; if the battery is removable without force, handle and store it only as the manufacturer directs. If it is hot, smoking, or otherwise appears to be an immediate fire risk, move away and contact emergency services.
For more on damaged packs, see our damaged lithium-ion battery safety guide.
Sources: NSW Fire and Rescue battery and charging safety; Samsung battery safety and care
